RACIAL AND ETHNIC COMMUNITY CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND PUBLIC SAFETY IMPACT STATEMENT

SENATE, No. 3201 (2R)

STATE OF NEW JERSEY

 

 

SUMMARY

 

Synopsis:

Upgrades certain penalties for assault law enforcement officer and requires offender to be tested for communicable diseases in certain instances.

INTRODUCTION

 

      The Office of Legislative Services does not develop or maintain source data concerning the criminal justice system in the State. The Office of Legislative Services makes reasonable efforts to obtain data from Executive Branch Departments and the Judiciary. This statement may reflect information provided by the United States Census Bureau, the Administrative Office of the Courts within the Judiciary, the New Jersey Department of Corrections, the New Jersey Office of the Attorney General, and the Juvenile Justice Commission in the New Jersey Department of Law and Public Safety. The publicly available data and the data provided by the responding departments and agencies contained within this statement allows for a general overview of the frequencies of events of interest (i.e. arrests, charges, and convictions) for racial and ethnic minorities for the crimes identified herein. This statement does not provide for an in-depth analysis of that data.

 

      Additional data concerning recidivism rates and incarceration rates for the specific crimes addressed within this statement sorted by race and ethnicity is needed in order to make a conclusion on the impacts on racial and ethnic minorities. Additional data concerning the deterrent effects of similar laws of this type is needed to determine the impact on community criminal justice and public safety. It should be noted that the data needed may not currently be collected by the responding departments or agencies or may not exist.[1]

 

BILL DESCRIPTION

 

            Senate Bill No.3201(2R) upgrades certain penalties for assaulting a law enforcement officer.  The bill also increases the penalty for assault with bodily fluids if the victim is a law enforcement officer, paid or volunteer firefighter, court service officer, or person engaged in emergency first-aid or medical services and suffers serious bodily injury.

 

            Under current law, it is a crime of the third degree to assault a law enforcement officer if the victim suffers bodily injury; otherwise, it is a crime of the fourth degree.  Under this bill, the penalty for assaulting a law enforcement officer would become a crime of the second degree if the assault results in serious bodily injury to the officer.  The bill provides that a conviction for assaulting a law enforcement officer would not merge with a conviction for any other criminal offense.  Under the bill, a mandatory term of incarceration under the “No Early Release Act” would not apply to second degree assault of a law enforcement officer, unless the assault resulted in seriously bodily injury.  In addition, a person charged with second degree assault of a law enforcement officer would be prohibited from applying to enter a Pretrial Intervention Program.  

 

            The bill would also upgrade the penalty for assault with bodily fluids of a law enforcement officer, court services officer, paid or volunteer firefighter, or person engaged in emergency first-aid or medical services who suffers serious bodily injury.  Under current law, it is a crime of the fourth degree for a person to assault with bodily fluids a Department of Corrections employee, county correctional police officer, juvenile correctional police officer, State juvenile facility employee, juvenile detention staff member, probation officer, any sheriff, undersheriff or sheriff’s officer, or any municipal, county, or State law enforcement officer.  If the victim suffers bodily injury, it is a crime of the third degree. The bill would add court service officers, firefighters, and persons engaged in emergency first-aid or medical services to the list of individuals protected under current law.

 

            Under the bill, the penalty for assault with bodily fluids would be upgraded to a crime of the second degree if the victim suffers serious bodily injury.  “Serious bodily injury” is defined as bodily injury which creates a substantial risk of death or which causes serious, permanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ.  Additionally, any person charged with assault with a bodily fluid would be required to provide a blood sample or other biological sample drawn to be tested for communicable diseases at a clinical laboratory licensed by the Department of Health, upon consent given by the person charged or in compliance with a warrant issued by a judge of the Superior Court. The court would be required to issue a warrant upon finding there is probable cause to believe that the person’s blood or other bodily fluid came into contact with a victim of the assault and that the victim is at risk of transmission of a communicable disease.  Any positive results for a communicable disease will be shared with the assault victim.  Additionally, the bill provides that upon the issuance of a warrant, the blood sample or biological sample taken from a person pursuant to the bill may not be used by law enforcement for any purpose other than to test for communicable diseases. Under the bill, a separate warrant is required to be obtained before law enforcement may use the blood sample or biological sample for any other investigatory purpose. After completion of the testing, the blood sample or biological sample is required to be destroyed.

 

A crime of the second degree is punishable by five to 10 years imprisonment, a fine of up to $150,000, or both.  A crime of the third degree is punishable by three to five years imprisonment, a fine of up to $15,000, or both.  A crime of the fourth degree is punishable by up to 18 months imprisonment, a fine of up to $10,000, or both.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal and State Census Information[2]

 

Population

Caucasian

African American

Native American/Alaska Native

Asian

Native Hawaiian/ Other Pacific Islander

Hispanic

Two or More Races/Other

National Census Estimate

331,450,000

59.3%

13.6%

1.3%

6.1%

0.3%

18.9%

2.9%

State Census Estimate

9,289,000

53.5%

15.3%

0.7%

10.3%

0.1%

21.5%

2.4%

 

 

Federal and State Inmate Population Data

 

Population

Caucasian

African American

Native American/Alaska Native

Asian

Native Hawaiian/ Other Pacific Islander

Hispanic

Two or More Races/Other

Actual Federal Adult Inmate Population[3]

156,241

56.9%

38.8%

2.8%

1.5%

N/A

29.2%

N/A

Actual State Adult Inmate Population[4]

12,978

22%

60.8%

0.0%

1%

N/A

17%

N/A

 

 

State Census and State Inmate Population Data

 

Population

Caucasian

African American

Native American/Alaska Native

Asian

Native Hawaiian/ Other Pacific Islander

Hispanic

Two or More Races/Other

State Census Estimate

9,289,000

53.5%

15.3%

0.7%

10.3%

0.1%

21.5%

2.4%

Actual State Adult Inmate Population[5]

12,978

22%

60.8%

0.0%

1%

N/A

17%

N/A


 

DATA PROVIDED BY THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH

 

      The following data was provided, as a part of the submission, from the Office of the Attorney General: 

 

The below displays the number of arrest events (a specific arrest date for a unique defendant) with any paragraph of the enumerated charges below displayed by race/ethnicity for all arrests between January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2024.

 

Statute

Statute Description

Degree

White (incl. Hispanic origin)

Black

Asian/

Pac.

Islander

Am. Indian/ Alaska Native

Unknown/

Not Provided

2C:12-1B(5)(A)

AGG ASSAULT-ON LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER

3rd or 4th

3,162

3,471

50

18

243

2C:12-13

THROWING BODILY FLUID AT LAW

ENFORCEMENT OFF

3rd or 4th

935

893

10

3

76

 

 

 

The below displays the number of Unique Defendants with a Guilty Outcome (based on State Bureau of Identification Number) charged with any paragraph of the enumerated charges below displayed by race/ethnicity for all arrests between January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2024.

 

Statute

Statute

Description

Degree

White (incl. Hispanic origin)

Black

Asian/

Pac.

Islander

Am. Indian/ Alaska Native

Unknown/ Not Provided

2C:12-1B(5)(A)

AGG ASSAULT-ON LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER

3rd or 4th

563

608

6

2

41

2C:12-13

THROWING BODILY FLUID AT LAW ENFORCEMENT OFF

3rd or 4th

230

210

2

1

23

 

 

      The following response was provided by the Juvenile Justice Commission:

 

      The Juvenile Justice Commission (JJC) does not maintain or have direct access to detailed data on youth arrests, prosecutions, or adjudications (i.e. convictions).  The JJC is not a prosecutorial agency.  The JJC does not keep racial and ethnic data segregated by crimes for arrests, prosecutions, or adjudications for the juveniles committed to its care.

 

 

      The Department of Corrections has made available to the public statistical data concerning the State inmate population categorized by race and ethnicity for 2024, which are reflected in the charts on page 3, and offenders by base offense for 2022, 2023, and 2024 in the following charts:

 

 

 

Offenders by Base Offense for 2022

 

Base Offense

 

Total

 

Male Offenders in Other Facilities

 

Youth Offenders

 

Adult Diagnostic Treatment Center (ADTC)

 

Edna Mahan

Halfway Houses, County Jails,

St. Francis Hospital

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

TOTAL OFFENDERS

12,492

100%

9,442

100%

1,139

100%

410

100%

408

100%

1,093

100%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Violent Offenses

9,049

72%

7,251

77%

681

60%

410

100%

273

67%

434

40%

 

 

Offenders by Base Offense for 2023

 

Base Offense

 

Total

 

Male Offenders in Other Facilities

 

Youth Offenders

 

Adult Diagnostic Treatment Center (ADTC)

 

Edna Mahan

Halfway Houses, County Jails,

St. Francis Hospital

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

TOTAL OFFENDERS

13,196

100%

9,133

100%

1,174

100%

402

100%

356

100%

2,131

100%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Violent Offenses

9,343

71%

7,196

79%

708

60%

402

100%

261

73%

776

36%

 

Offenders by Base Offense for 2024

Base Offense

Total

Male Incarcerated Persons

Edna Mahan

Residential Community Release Program (RCRP),

 County Jails, Central Medical Unit (CHR)

Interstate Corrections Compact

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

#

%

Total Offenders

12,978

100%

11,176

100%

386

100%

1,140

100%

276

100%

Violent Offenses

9,417

73%

8,445

76%

284

74%

543

48%

145

53%

 

 

Note: violent offenses include homicide, sexual assault, aggravated and simple assault, robbery, kidnapping, other sex offenses and other person offenses.

 

 

DATA PROVIDED BY THE JUDICIARY

 

      The following data was provided, as a part of the submission, from the Judiciary:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FAMILY (FACTS) JUVENILE DATA FOR CHARGES FILED IN COURT YEARS 2023 AND 2024

2C:12-13 THROWING BODILY FLUID AT LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER[6]

 

Degree 3

Degree 4

 

County

Black/Afr

White

Black/Afr

Hispanic

Not Stated

White

Total

Atlantic

0

1

5

0

0

7

13

Bergen

0

0

1

0

0

3

4

Burlington

1

1

5

1

0

2

10

Camden

1

1

7

0

1

0

10

Cape May

0

0

0

0

0

2

2

Cumberland

0

0

6

0

0

2

8

Essex

2

0

7

0

0

1

10

Gloucester

0

0

5

0

0

1

6

Hudson

0

0

4

0

0

0

4

Hunterdon

0

0

5

0

0

1

6

Mercer

0

0

2

0

0

2

4

Middlesex

0

0

1

0

0

2

3

Monmouth

0

0

3

0

0

2

5

Morris

0

0

3

0

0

1

4

Ocean

0

0

1

0

0

1

2

Passaic

1

0

2

0

0

4

7

Salem

0

0

5

0

0

2

7

Somerset

0

0

1

0

0

1

2

Union

0

0

6

0

0

3

9

Warren

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

Total

5

3

69

1

1

38

117

 

 

 

 

FAMILY (FACTS) JUVENILE DATA FOR CHARGES FILED IN COURT YEARS 2023 AND 2024

County

2C:12-1 ASSAULT – 2ND DEGREE

Asian

Black/Afr

Hispanic

Not Stated or Unknown

White

Atlantic

0

42

1

0

5

Bergen

0

8

0

0

13

Burlington

0

16

0

1

5

Camden

0

37

0

1

10

Cape May

0

5

1

0

7

Cumberland

0

14

0

0

13

Essex

0

125

1

2

16

Gloucester

0

5

0

0

6

Hudson

0

46

3

1

19

Hunterdon

0

1

0

0

1

Mercer

0

20

1

0

4

Middlesex

3

23

1

4

24

Monmouth

0

11

3

0

4

Morris

0

1

0

0

1

Ocean

0

0

0

1

1

Passaic

0

6

0

0

13

Salem

0

4

0

0

0

Somerset

0

3

0

0

2

Sussex

0

0

0

0

0

Union

1

17

0

0

16

Warren

0

3

0

0

0

Total

4

387

11

10

160

 

FAMILY (FACTS) JUVENILE DATA FOR CHARGES FILED IN COURT YEARS 2023 AND 2024

County

ASSAULT 2C:12-1 – 3RD DEGREE

Asian

Black/Afr

Hispanic

Not Stated

White

Atlantic

0

64

0

1

12

Bergen

1

14

0

0

24

Burlington

0

46

5

2

19

Camden

1

87

6

1

34

Cape May

0

1

0

0

11

Cumberland

0

12

2

2

6

Essex

1

77

2

2

18

Gloucester

0

10

1

3

2

Hudson

0

57

1

0

37

Hunterdon

0

5

0

0

1

Mercer

0

38

1

0

17

Middlesex

1

51

2

3

55

Monmouth

0

14

1

1

20

Morris

0

9

0

1

7

Ocean

0

2

2

2

21

Passaic

1

13

1

0

21

Salem

0

5

0

0

3

Somerset

0

4

0

0

9

Sussex

0

1

0

0

11

Union

2

44

0

0

17

Warren

0

14

0

0

4

Total

7

568

24

18

349

 

 

FAMILY (FACTS) JUVENILE DATA FOR CHARGES FILED IN COURT YEARS 2023 AND 2024

County

ASSAULT 2C:12-1 – 4TH DEGREE

Amr Ind/Alsk

Asian

Black/Afr

Hispanic

Not Stated or Unknown

White

Atlantic

0

1

60

0

0

17

Bergen

0

1

10

0

0

13

Burlington

0

0

26

0

0

3

Camden

0

0

56

1

4

18

Cape May

0

0

4

0

0

3

Cumberland

1

0

27

0

2

12

Essex

0

0

48

0

1

7

Gloucester

0

0

17

0

0

6

Hudson

0

0

22

1

0

12

Hunterdon

0

0

0

0

0

4

Mercer

0

0

24

0

1

9

Middlesex

0

0

25

2

2

36

Monmouth

0

0

9

0

0

12

Morris

0

0

2

0

0

2

Ocean

0

0

7

0

0

14

Passaic

0

0

6

1

1

7

Salem

0

0

12

0

0

3

Somerset

0

0

4

0

2

1

Sussex

0

0

1

0

0

8

Union

0

1

22

1

0

5

Warren

0

0

1

0

0

2

Total

1

3

383

6

13

194

 

 


 

ADULT CHARGES PROMIS GAVEL DATA FOR COURT YEARS 2023 AND 2024

ASSUALT 2C:12-1, AS OF SEPTEMBER 26, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

COUNTY

 

 

NUMBER CHARGED

ASSAULT/INJURY STATUTE 2C:12-1

DEGREE 2

DEGREE 3

DEGREE 4

 

Asian

 

Black/ Africa Am

 

Hispanic

 

Amer Ind/ Alsk Nativ

 

Nat Haw/ Pacfic Is

 

Unkwn

 

White

 

Missing

 

Asian

 

Black/ Africa Am

 

Hispanic

 

Amer Ind/ Alsk Nativ

 

Nat Haw/ Pacfic Is

 

Unkwn

 

White

 

Missing

 

Asian

 

Black/ Africa Am

 

Hispanic

 

Amer Ind/ Alsk Nativ

 

Nat Haw/ Pacfic Is

 

Unkwn

 

White

 

Missing

A

B

H

I

P

U

W

 

A

B

H

I

P

U

W

 

A

B

H

I

P

U

W

 

ATL

762

2

123

52

0

0

3

73

0

4

144

64

1

0

4

87

0

4

104

32

1

0

4

59

0

BER

826

17

66

104

3

0

8

65

0

11

91

129

1

0

6

91

0

8

65

77

0

0

9

74

0

BUR

638

4

159

34

0

0

4

95

0

0

104

22

0

1

4

76

0

2

63

16

0

0

2

51

0

CAM

1308

4

156

67

0

0

1

64

0

5

355

127

1

0

8

163

0

4

178

63

0

0

3

106

0

CPM

330

0

16

22

0

0

0

55

0

0

30

19

0

0

0

105

0

1

17

8

0

0

0

57

0

CUM

563

0

70

82

0

0

1

44

0

2

81

79

0

0

2

34

0

0

75

53

0

0

0

40

0

ESX

3017

4

1050

350

5

0

11

74

2

7

725

247

1

0

5

80

0

6

305

84

0

0

9

51

0

GLO

433

0

67

27

1

0

1

99

0

0

56

15

0

0

0

72

0

0

32

8

0

0

2

53

0

HNT

64

0

4

2

0

0

0

9

0

0

7

4

0

0

0

11

0

1

4

1

0

0

1

20

0

HUD

1990

11

319

299

1

1

14

93

0

18

313

376

3

0

14

150

0

8

163

141

2

0

6

58

0

MER

720

4

132

57

0

0

3

50

0

6

163

71

0

0

4

42

0

3

102

42

0

0

0

41

0

MID

1121

18

135

151

3

1

4

96

0

24

136

149

1

3

2

93

0

11

82

111

1

1

6

92

0

MON

888

1

131

96

0

0

6

147

0

0

101

65

2

0

3

143

0

2

52

37

0

0

3

99

0

MRS

338

3

18

33

0

0

1

31

0

5

34

44

0

0

1

64

0

4

16

30

0

0

2

52

0

OCN

779

1

25

53

0

0

1

127

0

2

62

65

0

0

7

182

0

0

38

49

1

0

1

165

0

PAS

880

3

90

194

0

0

6

31

0

3

102

224

0

0

6

55

0

1

52

72

0

0

4

36

0

SLM

230

1

53

10

0

0

0

29

0

0

47

9

0

0

0

38

0

0

24

5

0

0

0

14

0

SOM

90

0

7

11

0

0

0

9

0

2

17

9

0

0

0

17

0

2

4

2

0

0

0

8

0

SSX

126

0

0

6

0

0

0

16

0

1

7

11

0

0

1

40

1

0

2

6

0

0

1

34

0

UNN

815

7

143

137

2

0

3

17

0

5

139

151

0

0

4

30

0

1

82

64

0

0

0

30

0

WRN

84

0

5

2

0

0

1

12

0

1

10

9

0

0

0

26

0

0

3

4

0

0

0

11

0

Total (STATE)

16002

80

2769

1789

15

2

68

1236

2

96

2724

1889

10

4

71

1599

1

58

1463

905

5

1

53

1151

0

 

 


ADULT CHARGES PROMIS GAVEL DATA FOR COURT YEARS 2023 AND 2024

THROWING BODILY FLUID AT LEO 2C:12-13, AS OF SEPTEMBER 26, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

COUNTY

 

NUMBER CHARGED

BODILY FLUID STATUTE 2C:12-13

DEGREE 2

DEGREE 3

DEGREE 4

 

Asian

 

Black/ Africa Am

 

Hispanic

 

Amer Ind/ Alsk Nativ

 

Nat Haw/ Pacfic Is

 

Unkwn

 

White

 

Missing

 

Asian

 

Black/ Africa Am

 

Hispanic

 

Amer Ind/ Alsk Nativ

 

Nat Haw/ Pacfic Is

 

Unkwn

 

White

 

Missing

 

Asian

 

Black/ Africa Am

 

Hispanic

 

Amer Ind/ Alsk Nativ

 

Nat Haw/ Pacfic Is

 

Unkwn

 

White

 

Missing

A

B

H

I

P

U

W

 

A

B

H

I

P

U

W

 

A

B

H

I

P

U

W

 

ATL

39

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

16

2

0

0

3

14

0

BER

29

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

2

2

0

2

7

7

0

0

0

7

0

BUR

23

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

11

1

0

0

1

10

0

CAM

68

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

41

7

0

0

0

16

0

CPM

14

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

8

2

0

0

0

3

0

CUM

39

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

22

7

0

0

1

7

0

ESX

155

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

7

1

0

0

1

3

0

0

109

11

0

0

6

17

0

GLO

13

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

2

0

0

0

7

0

HNT

14

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

3

0

0

0

8

0

HUD

65

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

2

0

0

0

0

0

2

20

26

1

0

1

9

0

MER

20

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

1

0

1

13

0

0

0

0

3

0

MID

34

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

1

0

0

1

0

0

0

13

8

0

0

1

8

0

MON

31

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

12

2

0

0

2

14

0

MRS

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

3

0

0

0

5

0

OCN

30

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

10

3

0

0

0

15

0

PAS

19

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

3

9

0

0

0

6

0

SLM

7

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

1

0

0

0

3

0

SOM

9

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

3

0

0

0

4

0

SSX

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

UNN

17

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

6

5

0

0

0

1

0

WRN

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

0

0

0

1

0

Total (STATE)

641

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

31

6

0

0

5

10

0

7

303

104

1

0

16

158

0

 

 

 

 

Count of Probation clients in each category of crime-degree (FY 23 & FY24 consolidated)

 

 

Race

AM. INDIAN OR ALASKA NATIVE

ASIAN

BLACK/AFRICAN AMERICAN

NAT. HAWAIIAN/

OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER

UNKNOWN

WHITE

Ethnicity

Ethnicity

Ethnicity

Ethnicity

Ethnicity

Ethnicity

Non-Hispanic

Unknown

Hispanic

Non-Hispanic

Unknown

Hispanic

Non-Hispanic

Unknown

Hispanic

Non-Hispanic

Unknown

Non-Hispanic

Unknown

Hispanic

Non-Hispanic

Unknown

Hispanic

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

Statute

degree

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2C:12-1

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

2

1

.

.

.

.

1

.

.

1

4

2

.

.

.

15

1

.

140

32

11

.

.

8

8

14

99

19

75

3

3

2

2

69

6

5

1495

328

50

1

.

39

68

84

922

340

662

4

5

1

1

22

.

.

326

59

23

.

1

8

24

31

420

129

241

2C:12-13

3

.

.

.

1

.

.

4

4

1

.

.

.

.

1

3

1

3

4

.

.

2

1

.

.

88

11

5

.

.

1

1

6

88

22

34

DP

.

.

.

.

.

.

2

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

1

.

.

Tot. counts by crime-deg.

8

3

5

93

6

5

1915

402

79

1

1

48

93

122

1434

492

940

 



[1] This racial and ethnic community criminal justice and public safety impact statement has been produced by the Office of Legislative Services pursuant to section 2 of P.L.2017, c.286 (C.52:11-57.1).  Although impact statements are considered a tool for policymaking, the Office of Legislative Services does not take a policy position in preparing a racial and ethnic community criminal justice and public safety impact statement.  The role of the Office of Legislative Services is to gather and present data for legislators to review.  This statement may reflect information provided by the United States Census Bureau, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention in the United States Department of Justice, New Jersey Department of Corrections, and Juvenile Justice Commission in the New Jersey Department of Law and Public Safety.

 

[2] Publicly available data obtained from the federal census for national and State populations as of April 1, 2020.

[3] Publicly available data of federally sentenced persons in custody of the Federal Bureau of Prisons, as of June 1, 2024.

[4] Publicly available data produced by the New Jersey Department of Corrections concerning the State inmate population on January 1, 2024.  It has been reported by the New Jersey Department of Corrections that the Fiscal Year 2024 average daily population was 12,490.  However, that number has not been sorted by race or ethnicity.

[5] Publicly available data produced by the New Jersey Department of Corrections concerning the State inmate population on January 1, 2024.  It has been reported by the New Jersey Department of Corrections that the Fiscal Year 2024 average daily population was 12,490.  However, that number has not been sorted by race or ethnicity.

[6] Racial demographic data was not provided for the following: Asian, American Indian, and Alaska Native.